What is the primary objective of horizontal analysis?

The primary objective of horizontal analysis is to evaluate financial performance over time. This analytical approach involves comparing historical financial data across various periods, typically presented in a series of financial statements. By examining changes in account balances, such as revenues, expenses, and net income over multiple time frames, stakeholders can identify trends, patterns, and growth rates in a company's financial performance. This aids in assessing the company’s operational efficiency, profitability, and overall financial health over time.

This form of analysis is particularly valuable as it provides insights into how well a company is improving or declining in its financial condition. It allows analysts and management to make informed decisions based on historical performance metrics, rather than relying solely on current year figures.